Sorting keys and logic: the 11 Plus question types

Decision tree keys, Carroll diagrams, and true, false or cannot tell.

About 60 seconds a question in the testTry five with worked answers

Every question here is written by Prism in the style of the tests. None is copied from a real paper, and a fresh one is drawn each time a child practises.

From foundation to exam standard

Two questions at each level. Tap an option to check it.

Foundation where a child in Year 3 or 4 starts

Question 1Aim for about 60 seconds

Look at the sorting key. Which number ends up in box B?

YesNoYesNoIs it less than 20?Is it less than 10?ABC
Show the worked answer

Answer: C, 16

How to work it out

16 ends up in box B: 16 is less than 20 (Yes), then 16 is not less than 10 (No).

Why the other options are wrong

  • A (8): 8 ends up in box A: 8 is less than 20 (Yes), then 8 is less than 10 (Yes).
  • B (32): 32 ends up in box C: 32 is not less than 20 (No).
  • D (6): 6 ends up in box A: 6 is less than 20 (Yes), then 6 is less than 10 (Yes).
  • E (21): 21 ends up in box C: 21 is not less than 20 (No).
Question 2Aim for about 60 seconds

Use only the table. Which statement must be true?

The table shows the cups of lemonade sold at a school stall one week.

DayCups sold
Monday11
Tuesday23
Wednesday29
Thursday9
Friday8
Show the worked answer

Answer: B, More cups were sold on Wednesday than on Thursday.

How to work it out

Wednesday has 29 and Thursday has 9, so it is true.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A (More cups were sold on Saturday than on Friday.): The table stops at Friday. It says nothing about Saturday, so we cannot tell.
  • C (The most cups were sold on Tuesday.): Tuesday has 23, but Wednesday has 29, so it is false.
  • D (The most cups were sold on Wednesday because it was hot.): The table shows how many, not why. Wednesday did have the most, but we cannot tell the reason.
  • E (Most of the cups were bought by children.): The table does not say who bought the cups, so we cannot tell.

Standard the 11 Plus standard, Year 5

Question 3Aim for about 60 seconds

Use only the table. Which statement can you NOT tell is true or false?

The table shows the children who visited the school library at lunchtime one week.

DayChildren
Monday8
Tuesday5
Wednesday12
Thursday9
Friday9
Show the worked answer

Answer: D, More girls than boys visited the library.

How to work it out

The table does not split the children into girls and boys, so we cannot tell.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A (More children visited the library on Tuesday than on Thursday.): Tuesday has 5 and Thursday has 9, so it is false.
  • B (The most children visited the library on Thursday.): Thursday has 9, but Wednesday has 12, so it is false.
  • C (More children visited the library on Friday than on Monday.): Friday has 9 and Monday has 8, so it is true.
  • E (On Wednesday, 5 more children visited the library than on Thursday.): 12 − 9 = 3, so it is false.
Question 4Aim for about 60 seconds

One number has been put in the wrong box of this Carroll diagram. Which number is it?

Rowmore than 30not more than 30
even72, 76, 822, 4, 15, 24
odd73, 79, 9719, 29
Show the worked answer

Answer: E, 15

How to work it out

15 is not more than 30 and it is odd, so 15 belongs where "odd" meets "not more than 30", not where it has been put.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A (82): 82 is even and more than 30, which is the box it is in.
  • B (4): 4 is even and not more than 30, which is the box it is in.
  • C (29): 29 is odd and not more than 30, which is the box it is in.
  • D (73): 73 is odd and more than 30, which is the box it is in.

Exam standard what the papers ask in Year 6

Question 5Aim for about 60 seconds

Look at the sorting key. Where does the number 68 end up?

YesNoYesNoYesNoYesNoIs it more than 50?Is it a multiple of7?ABIs it more than 20?Is it a squarenumber?CDE
Show the worked answer

Answer: B, Box B

How to work it out

68 is more than 50 (Yes), then 68 is not a multiple of 7 (No), so it ends up in box B.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A (Box A): To reach box A, the answer to “Is it a multiple of 7?” would have to be Yes, but 68 is not a multiple of 7.
  • C (Box C): To reach box C, the answer to “Is it more than 50?” would have to be No, but 68 is more than 50.
  • D (Box E): To reach box E, the answer to “Is it more than 50?” would have to be No, but 68 is more than 50.
  • E (Box D): To reach box D, the answer to “Is it more than 50?” would have to be No, but 68 is more than 50.
Question 6Aim for about 60 seconds

Which box of the Carroll diagram should 57 go in?

Rowmore than 50not more than 50
a multiple of 4A: 52, 84, 88B: 20, 28, 44
not a multiple of 4C: 62, 97, 98D: 18, 27, 31
Show the worked answer

Answer: D, C

How to work it out

  1. 57 is more than 50, so it goes in the "more than 50" column.
  2. 57 is not a multiple of 4, so it goes in the "not a multiple of 4" row.
  3. They meet at box C.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A (D): Box D is for numbers that are not a multiple of 4 and not more than 50; check the column again: 57 is more than 50.
  • B (A): Box A is for numbers that are a multiple of 4 and more than 50; check the row again: 57 is not a multiple of 4.
  • C (B): Box B has both the row and the column wrong for 57.
  • E (none of the boxes): Every whole number answers each question yes or no, so it always belongs in exactly one box.

More maths

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